Status, Distribution & Conservation

The Monarch Butterfly, Danaus plexippus L., in Canada

Literature Cited

Continued...

  • Suzuki, Y. and Zalucki, M.P. (1986) The influence of sex ratio on female dispersal in Danaus plexippus (L.) (Lepidoptera: Danaidae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 25: 31-35.
  • Swengel, A.B. (1995) Population fluctuations of the Monarch (Danaus plexippus) in the 4th of July butterfly count 1977-1994. American Midland Naturalist 134: 205-214.
  • Thomas, A.W. (1995) A preliminary atlas of the butterflies of New Brunswick. Published by the author (in press, New Brunswick Museum)
  • Thomas, J.A. (1984) The conservation of butterflies in temperate countries: past efforts and lessons for the future. in The biology of butterflies, Vane-Wright, R.I. & Ackery, P.R. (eds.), Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society of London 11, Academic Press, London, pp. 333-353.
  • Urquhart, F.A. (1987) The monarch butterfly: international traveller. Nelson-Hall, Chicago, 232 pp.
  • Urquhart, F.A. and Urquhart, N.R. (1977) Overwintering areas and migratory routes of the Monarch butterfly (Danaus p. plexippus, Lepidoptera: Danaidae) in North America, with special reference to the western populations. Canadian Entomologist 109: 1583-1589.
  • Urquhart, F.A. and Urquhart, N.R. (1979a) Breeding areas and overnight roosting locations in the northern range of the Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus plexippus) with a summary of associated migratory routes. Canadian Field-Naturalist 93: 41-47.
  • Urquhart, F.A. and Urquhart, N.R. (1979b) Vernal migration of the Monarch butterfly (Danaus p. plexippus, Lepidoptera: Danaidae) in North America from the overwintering site in the Neo-volcanic plateau of Mexico. Canadian Entomologist 111: 15-18.
  • Walton, R. (1993) Tracking North American Monarchs. Part I: The east. American Butterflies 1(3): 11-16.
  • Wells, S.M.; Pyle, R.M. and Collins, N.M. (1983) The IUCN Invertebrate Red Data Book. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge, 632 pp.
  • White, D.J. and Johnson, K.L. (1980) The rare vascular plants of Manitoba. Syllogeus 27, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa. 52 pp.
  • Wilbur, H.M. (1976) Life history evolution in seven milkweeds of the genus Asclepias. Journal of Ecology 64: 223-240.
  • Wormington, A. (1994) A mass migration of Monarchs at Point Pelee, Ontario. Toronto Entomologists' Association Occasional Publication 27-94, pp. 26-27.
  • Zalucki, M.P. (1993) Sex around the milkweed patch: the significance of patches of host plants in Monarch reproduction. in Biology and conservation of the Monarch butterfly, Malcolm, S.B. & Zalucki, M.P. (eds.), Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Science Series No. 38, Los Angeles, California., pp. 69-76.
  • Zalucki, M.P. and Suzuki, Y. (1987) Milkweed patch quality, adult population structure, and egg laying in the Monarch butterfly. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 41: 13-22.